Tarpan - Facts and Figures

Tarpan - Facts and Figures Name: Tarpan; otherwise called Equus ferus Living space: Fields of Eurasia Recorded Period: Pleistocene-Modern (2 million-100 years back) Size and Weight: Around five feet tall and 1,000 pounds Diet: Grass Recognizing Characteristics: Moderate size; long, shaggy coat About the Tarpan The variety Equuswhich involves present day ponies, zebras and donkeysevolved from its ancient pony ancestors two or three million years back, and prospered in both North and South America and (after certain populaces crossed the Bering land connect) Eurasia. During the last Ice Age, around 10,000 years prior, the North and South American Equus species went wiped out, leaving their Eurasian cousins to spread the variety. That is the place the Tarpan, otherwise called Equus ferus, comes in: it was this shaggy, grumpy pony that was trained by the early human pioneers of Eurasia, driving straightforwardly to the advanced pony. (See a slideshow of 10 Recently Extinct Horses.) Fairly shockingly, the Tarpan figured out how to endure well into chronicled times; significantly following quite a while of interbreeding with present day ponies, a couple of thoroughbred people wandered the fields of Eurasia as late as the mid twentieth century, the last one biting the dust in bondage (in Russia) in 1909. In the mid 1930sperhaps enlivened by other, less moral selective breeding experimentsGerman researchers endeavored to re-breed the Tarpan, creating what is presently known as the Heck Horse. A couple of years sooner, experts in Poland additionally attempted to revive the Tarpan by reproducing ponies with recognizably Tarpan-like attributes; that early exertion in de-eradication finished in disappointment.

Adolescent Sex

The pervasiveness of high school pregnancy in the general public and the disturbing increment of such are regularly seen to be brought about by insufficient government and instructive projects about sex. While the vast majority ceaselessly stick to this thought, the job and duties of guardians in their child’s sexual difficulties, somewhat is set behind the veracity of the issue. A few guardians even show absence of power over their youngsters by permitting them to have intercourse at home.As a parent your fundamental impulse is to gauge the results when your kid is occupied with pre-marriage sex or if their relationship is now advancing on that heading. On the confirmed side of the scale, today’s liberal society shows that everybody is doing it and it is a piece of your child’s learning experience.The unconstructive scale then again, completes issues on profound quality, explicitly transmitted infections and pregnancy. Rather than permitting them to take part in pre-marriage sex inside your home, give your parental direction by showing them restraint just sex training which underscores profound quality and having intercourse inside the limits of marriage (Religion and Ethics Newsweekly, Episode 823).This will build up a stage for your kids to realize that having intercourse at a youthful age and outside the holiness of marriage can result to overwhelming passionate and physical costs which are constrained to infections and pregnancy as well as a ground to bring into an end their alleged brilliant future.Though, an open correspondence with your youngsters in regards to their sexual encounters is an incredible begin to take a hold of them when they are occupied with sexual exercises, permitting them to do it in your house is ill-advised and unseemly choice to make as their parent and guardian.The premier circumstance of your kids living in your home and only relying upon you to fill their stomachs are significant confirmations that they desp ite everything are not equipped for dealing with themselves and their activities to incorporate having pre-marriage sex.ReferencesPBS, February 4, 2005 Religion and Ethics Newsweekly, Episode 823 Retrieved on 2009-21-02

Crockett, Davy

Crockett, Davy Crockett, Davy (David Crockett) krok ´it [key], 1786â€"1836, American frontiersman, b. Limestone, near Greeneville, Tenn. After serving (1813â€"14) under Andrew Jackson against the Creek in the War of 1812, he settled in Giles co., Tenn., and in 1821 was elected to the state legislature. In 1823, Crockett, having moved to the extreme western part of the state, was reelected from his new constituency. When it was jokingly suggested that he should run for Congress, he took the proposal seriously and served three terms in the House (1827â€"31, 1833â€"35). Though he was unable to win passage of a single bill, his dress, language, racy backwoods humor, and naive yet shrewd comments on city life and national affairs made him a popular figure in Washington. Crockett became a political opponent of Jackson, and the Whigs took him up so assiduously that he became the showpiece of conservatism. Resenting his defeat for reelection in 1835 and having failed in business, farming, and family li fe, Crockett left Tennessee for Texas, where he lost his life in the defense of the Alamo . A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett (1834), An Account of Col. Crockett's Tour to the North and Down East (1834), and Col. Crockett's Exploits and Adventures in Texas (posthumous, 1836), supposedly written by Crockett himself in his own idiom, do not match, either in content or style, those letters definitely known to be his. See his Narrative, facsimile edition edited by J. A. Shackford and S. J. Folmsbee (1973); biography by M. Wallis (2011); study by J. A. Shackford (1956); W. C. Davis, Three Roads to the Alamo (1998). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Gender Roles in Their Eyes Were Watching God - 1087 Words

Gender Roles in Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God During the 1900’s, women, specifically black women, were considered to be property of men in the United States, especially down south, in states such as Florida and Georgia. Legally, women had no voice. For example, if a woman was abused by her husband, the court system would not acknowledge it even if it did really happen. In the article â€Å"Sexism in the Early 1900’s†, Becca Woltemath states that â€Å"†¦a woman’s job is to take care of the house and to bear children. She’s no good for anything else. She’s just a simple thinker.† Women were forced into submission and there was nothing they could do about it. In the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, Zora Neale Hurston shows the†¦show more content†¦Got a house bought and paid for and sixty acres uh land right on de big road†¦Lawd have mussy! Dat’s de very prong all us black women gits hu ng on’† (Hurston 23). In Nanny’s speech, Hurston is trying to emphasize that the female’s only role is to marry and look good, and let the man do all the work. Also in her article, Hartman says that â€Å"†¦due to the fact that the man was almost always working, little room was left to develop a connection between husband and wife; love was a foreign concept.†, which describes what Janie and Logan have together exactly. Despite being given all she should want, Janie seeks more. When Joe â€Å"Jody† Starks appears out of nowhere, Janie feels like her dreams have finally come true. But after a while, the marriage turns out to be little more than the stint with Killicks. Starks, like Killicks, treats her as property and not as someone he actually loves. One example is how Jody makes Janie put her hair up in a wrap while working in the store, rather than leave it down. Another is when he publicly criticizes her appearance, saying sh e is starting to show her age, when he is clearly at least ten years older: â€Å"’ You ain’t no young courtin’ gal. You’se uh old woman, nearly fourty’† (Hurston 79). Joe feels the need to tear down Janie, in order to make himself feel more important, which was an important part of being a man during this time. ByShow MoreRelatedMarxism And Feminism In Sweat By Zora Neal Hurston949 Words   |  4 Pagesoverlaps with her novel â€Å"Their Eyes are Watching God† which also supports the idea that culture is affected by periods of economic â€Å"base†. Hurston’s â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† also portrays African-Americans in the early 20th century as the way she sees them. Hurston is known for her contributions to African-American literature. She creates a unique storyline in her readings that almost allows the reader to feel a connection with Marxist and Feminine as well as gender roles Picture this: a man comingRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God : Gender Differences1584 Words   |  7 PagesKhealsea Elkins Professor Katherine Chiles ENG AFST 233: Major Black Writers 14 October 2014 Their Eyes Were Watching God: Gender Differences Zora Neale Hurston is considered one of the most unsurpassed writers of twentieth-century African-American literature. Published in 1937, Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God depicts the life of Janie Crawford, an African-American woman, who is in search of true love and ultimately her true self. In the novel, Janie shows us that love comesRead MoreThe Film Their Eyes Were Watching God692 Words   |  3 PagesThe film Their Eyes Were Watching God, based off of the novel by author Zora Neale Hurston, is a story of a young woman named Janie who spends the film narrating her life story to a friend. Janie’s story is one of self-exploration, empowerment, and the ability to express her freedoms both as a maturing woman and African American, throughout her life experiences. As she navigates through sexism and racism to find herself it becomes more evident that it will be more difficult than she initially thoughtRead MoreWhose eyes were watching God?1400 Words   |  6 PagesWhose eyes were watching God? In the movie Their Eyes Were Watching God, Oprah Winfrey manipulates events that happened in the book by Zora Neale Hurston. Oprah morphs many relationships in the movie Their Eyes Were Watching God. She changes the role of gender, and also makes changes in Janie’s character strength. Oprah also changes the symbolism in the movie to where some important symbols in the book change to less important roles. Oprah changes many important events in the book Their Eyes WereRead MoreVarious Types Of Literary Devices1182 Words   |  5 Pagesproblem that is often portrayed in novels is the roles of gender and their independence. According to the online dictionary, gender roles can be defined as, â€Å"the public image of being male or female that a person presents to others†. Independence can be defined as, â€Å"freedom from the control, influence, support, aid, or the like, of others†. In the early 1900s down in the South, gender roles and their independence was very prominent. Women who were white started to gain more independence, and theirRead MoreAnalysis Of Zora Neale Hurston s The Eyes Were Watching God Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagesrace and gender through the story of Janie in Their Eyes Were Watching God. However, rather than seeing the way in which Hurston deals with this intersection, the author Richard Wright claims, â€Å"The sensory sweep of her novel carries no theme, no message, no thought. In the main, her novel is not addressed to the Negro, but to a white audience whose chauvinistic tastes she knows how to satisfy.† While Wright is correct in suggesting that Hurston’s focus is not on race, but rather gender, he is incorrectRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God Summer Assignment1071 Words   |  5 Pages Their Eyes Were Watching God Summer Assignment Passage: â€Å"Listen, Sam, if it was nature, nobody wouldn’t have tuh look out for babies touchin’ stoves, would they? ’Cause dey just naturally wouldn’t touch it. But dey sho will. So it’s caution.† â€Å"Naw it ain’t, it’s nature, cause nature makes caution. It’s de strongest thing dat God ever made, now. Fact is it’s de onliest thing God every made. He made nature and nature made everything else.†(Hurston 64-65) Journal Entry: (R) This is a passageRead MoreAnalysis Of Double Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston And Invisible Man1335 Words   |  6 Pagesbildungsroman, essentially, is a coming of age novel. Both Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison are considered a bildungsroman. In the case of those two novels, there is one unique concept that contributes to their examples of self discovery. Double consciousness is that idea. It emphasizes how a person may struggle to adapt to more than one varying identities in order to fill a role within society. Double consciousness is present in both novels throughRead MoreFeminist Ideals in Zora Neale Hustron ´s Eyes Were Watching God1430 Words   |  6 Pagesworks are viewed as essential to the continuum of American feminist literature. One of the first great American black female writers, Hurston refused to concede to gender conventions and was often criticized for her deportment. And as a proponent f or gender equality, Hurston penned her most acclaimed work Their Eyes Were Watching God. The bildungsroman novel follows the story of a fiercely independent African American woman named Janie Crawford and her evolution through several marriages. While enduringRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God1268 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, one of them being the development of gender roles. While it may seem that the novel is a story of one woman discovering herself on her own, an underlying theme is how people’s identities are determined by their relationships. Through a multitude of relationships in the novel Hurston develops the different roles of men and women within a relationship. In Zora Hurston’s novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, Hurston emphasizes the development of gender roles to suggest

Coffee, Tea, And Tea - 1165 Words

The history of the world can be viewed through six drinks, beer, wine, spirits, coffee, tea, and Coca-Cola, as told in the book A History of the World in Six Glasses by Tom Standage. However, focusing on three drinks in particular, rum, coffee, and tea, an enormous story can be told. Those three drinks impacted the world in many ways, especially the cultures that consumed or traded them. In order to produce Rum, many Africans were brought to the Americas to work in servitude. This caused a culture shift, because now you had two very different cultures working closely together, but one was considered superior to the other. Coffee sparked the emergence of enlightened thinkers, whose conversations and writings profoundly shaped European culture. Tea helped Britain retain the colossal empire they are often credited with. This is because of a secondary effect of tea as it helped to create the British Empire, which in turn impacted the world colossally. Coffee, tea, and rum catapulted the world into major cultural shifts. During the 17th and 18th centuries when rum was introduced the culture in the Americas and Britain became one of unenlightened and drunken people. Before rum, all that most Europeans had to drink was disease-ridden water and beer. Rum was a happy medium between the two drinks. Rum had more alcohol content than beer, and had more flavor than water, so it pleased the masses greatly. However, since Rum did have a higher alcohol content, it left the population in aShow MoreRelatedCoffee and Milk Tea7162 Words   |  29 Pagesof the Study Coffee and Milktea both have legendary past. Milk Tea, originally known as Bubble Tea or Pearl Milktea, came into existence in Taiwan, during the 1980s. From a tea shop called Chun Shui Tang in Taichung, Taiwan. Unlikely the fully loaded pearl milk tea today, the oldest form of bubble tea was made by mixing cold black tea with fructose syrup using a shaker. The product was named bubble tea after seeing the layer of foam that ended up on the top of the t ea. Most bubble teas come with smallRead MoreOrigins of Tea and Coffee878 Words   |  4 Pagesabout coffee and tea, which are different and same. You will learn a lot of history about coffee and tea what they are different and same. I will tell you some of information that you guys don’t know. I will explain you very develop about coffee and tea because I want you to know about that so you would know which you would rather to drink one of them. I have a good reason to talk about coffee and tea because a lot of people used to drink them every day. I will explain you how does coffee and teaRead MoreCaffeine Of Coffee And Tea2287 Words   |  10 Pages Caffeine in Coffee and Tea Angela Xu November 1.2014 Caesar Munera Lab section 5 10:30am-1:30pm  No matter where we go, there seems to be a coffee shop around the corner or a shop/diner that provides the option of coffee or tea to their customers. Lets take starbucks as an example, they have many options as from tea to warm coffee drinks or even a nice cold coffee frappuccino. Coffee and tea is a demanded product in the market industry. From coffee or tea product in the market storeRead MoreCoffee Tea Coffee And Cafe Coffee Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesCafà © Coffee Day embarked on a market new to India, in a primarily tea drinking nation, coffee was a rare commodity. They were quite successful while other competition washed out in this new market. The problem Cafà © Coffee Day is facing is not whether they can compete in an ever growing market, but rather, if they can compete with Starbucks, a brand where a strong coffee culture already exists. One that can rely on its superior customer service and word-of-mouth as free advertising. After readingRead MoreCoffee Bean And Tea Leaf1420 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Coffee Bean Tea Leaf was born and brewed in Southern California since 1963. The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf is the oldest and largest privately held specialty coffee and tea retailer in the United States. Since opening our first cafe in Brentwood, California, we have always been passionate about connecting loyal customers with carefully handcrafted products. Coffee Bean Tea Leaf only selects the top one percent of Arabica beans and finest hand-plucked, whole leaf tea† (www.coffeebean.com/about_usRead MoreStarbucks Coffee, Tea, And Spice Essay780 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1971, three instructors named Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegel, and Gordon Bowker decided to collaborate and open Starbucks Coffee, Tea, and Spice in Seattle, Washington. During this time, the store only sold whole coffee beans, and coffee products. Siegel was the only one of the three that was paid to actually work in the store. The other ow ners helped out when they could. Once Zev left the company, they were faced with issues. Howard Schultz was very interested in Starbucks and expressed his intentRead MoreStarbucks Coffee, Tea And Spice1410 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Howard Schultz first experienced Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice he was immediately smitten by the operations and business culture, and actively pursued a job with them. At that time, Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice was an 11 year old coffee shop with six stores in Seattle specializing in high-quality coffee beans. Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice desired to bring fine coffee to their customers, so to that end, they imported quality coffee beans, roasted them to their own exacting specificationsRead MoreThe Coffee Bean And Tea Leaf1485 Words   |  6 PagesThe Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf is basically a Starbucks clone chain, kind of new-ish to the Bay Area, apparently originating in L.A. and slowly creeping its way north and east over the last couple of de cades. I don t know about any of the other locations, as this is the only one I ve been to, but I d rate it as maybe slightly better than Starbucks overall, but with worse coffee. This particular location is between 4th and 5th along Market, an area surprisingly not well supplied by coffee shopsRead MoreTea Vs Coffee Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesIn the articles, Coffee vs. Tea: Is One Better for Your Health by Matt Smith, and Tea vs coffee- which cuppa should you be drinking? by Victoria Lambert, both discuss about the benefits and disadvantages of drinking coffee or tea. The authors discuss their viewpoints, by providing evidence, on whether people should consider drinking tea or coffee for a better health In Smith’s article, she focuses on the hot drinks that can be healthy and its benefits. On the other hand, Lamberts article also discussesRead MoreCoffee Bean And Tea Leaf2504 Words   |  11 PagesCoffee Bean Tea Leaf, the oldest and largest coffee and tea distributo r in Southern California, was established in 1963. Because of the focus on the quality of products and the handpick raw materials, today, this company has developed more than 1000 stores in global market. Coffee Bean Tea Leaf possesses or franchises stores not only in California, Arizona, and some American locations, but also in Singapore, Malaysia and other 23 international countries. Meanwhile, this franchisee mode is becoming

Ls module Free Essays

By definition, security refers to ease and trust. C] People you can rely on know what is expected in the future (or vice versa) 0 Have a better feeling of comfort and safety (or vice versa) e. G. We will write a custom essay sample on Ls module or any similar topic only for you Order Now More engagement In social / group activities 0 More trustworthy Friends; Family Relationship Secondly, another esteem builder Is Selfless. By definition, selfless means self-concept. D Acquire self-knowledge a feeling of Individuality with accurate and realistic self-description C] e. G. Assistance to build up a better self- Image, Like exercise to build up a sharper boy shape; Explore uniqueness talents Thirdly, another esteem builder is Affiliation. Affiliation refers to belonging connectedness. D Feeling approved of, appreciated, and respected by others C] Sense of belongingness and acceptance, particularly in relationships that are considered important L e. G. Communication skills for making friendships 0 Sense of acceptance; Assistance to integrate into community Fourthly, another esteem builder is Competence. Competence refers to Feeling of Success. C] Being aware of one’s own strengths, being able to accept personal weakness 0 Have a sense of success and accomplishment D e. G. Assistance to find a suitable Job; Give positive comments achievements; engagement In social charitable activities Fifthly, last esteem builder is Mission. Mission refers to Purpose and Responsibility. D Set realistic and achievable goals and willing to take responsibility 0 Feeling of purpose and motivation in life 0 e. G. Assistance to set up achievable short term and long term goals 2. Measles Hierarchy of Needs proposed by Ram Moscow (Related to Module 5 Public Health) Hierarchy means arrangement of Items, so dissatisfaction of lower level hinders satisfaction of higher levels. So dissatisfaction of lower level needs hinders recognition satisfaction of higher level needs. The farther up the hierarchy one goes, the more individuality, humanness and psychological health one achieve. Level E. G. Food, drink, oxygen, sex, sleep, exercise, homeostasis(stable internal environment), excretion Level two is the safety and security needs. It refers to needs for long-term survival and stability. E. G. Property, health, family, resources, employment, law and order, predictability, body, structure, stability, freedom from threatening forces such as illness, fear and chaos Level three is the belongingness and love needs. It refers to affiliation and acceptance. E. G. Friendship, family, sexual intimacy, affectionate relations with others. Level Four is the Self-esteem needs. It refers to achievement and recognition. E. G. Desire for competence, confidence, achievement, independence, freedom, and respect from others, like desire for prestige, recognition, reputation, status, appreciation and acceptance. Level Five is the self-actualization. It refers to full development of one’s potentials. E. G. Morality, creativity, spontaneity, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts, problems- loving Elaboration: (More like the effects or impact of something) Issue 0 Physiological needs, the lowest level not satisfied 0 Principle of Hierarchy: Dissatisfaction of low level hinder satisfaction of higher level 0 Cannot reach higher level of needs, namely the 4 higher levels 0 Mention the highest level 0 Less individuality, humanness and psychological health [Commonly seen in Less Developed Countries, like Africa. How to cite Ls module, Papers

African

African-Latin American Music Essay The frame xylophone, such as those played by the MANNED and Lobo of West Africa, the FANG of Cameroon, ND the Chopin of Macaque, has gourd resonators hung beneath each key. The loose-key xylophone, such as the Uganda madding of Uganda, is left unassembled when not in use; when played, the keys are laid across two banana stems. As widespread as the xylophone, and unique to African and African-derived cultures, is the umbra, which consists of flat iron strips mounted on a board or box with one end of each strip left free to be plucked by the thumbs or thumbs and forefingers. The simplest of the many stringed instruments found throughout Africa is the musical BOW, resonated with a gourd or with the mouth of the player. ZITHERS and African-Latin American Music By Johanna 7 hemispherical or rectangular body and two arms extending to a crossbar where the strings are attached, is played in Ethiopia and Uganda. In western Africa the most common stringed instrument is the skin-covered LUTE, either boat-shaped with two to five plucked strings or hemispherical with one bowed string. Three stringed instruments unique to Africa are the bridge harp (or harp lute), the harp zither, and the bow lute. The best-known form of the bridge harp is the 21- string Madding okra of western Africa. It is held facing the player, who plucks two lanes of strings mounted in notches on either side of a high bridge. The harp zither, best known as the Fang move of Cameroon, also has a notched bridge that is mounted in the center of its long tubular body. The bow lute, such as the Bambina Amanda, is plucked and has an individual curved neck for each string. The FLUTES of Africa are of every type except the RECORDER. In eastern, central, and southern Africa, groups of musicians play sets of single-note vertical pipes, each person contributing a single note to create a complex polyphonic texture. Panpipes are also played in this area. Of the various reed instruments of Africa, the most table is the Hausa Algeria of Nigeria, a short conical-bore double reed. African TRUMPETS include the kaki, a straight herald trumpet of tin associated with Hausa aristocracy, but the most typical African trumpets are made of natural animal horns, ivory, or hollowed wood and are played in sets in the same manner as the single-note vertical pipes. MUSICIANS Music is closely integrated into everyday activities in Africa. Vocal music, instrumental music, and dance are often inseparable, and the emphasis is on participation rather than on performance before an audience. Even in traditions where professionalism r virtuosity does result in a distinction between performer and audience, the audience often dances to show its appreciation. The role and status of a musician in Africa vary widely and are determined in part by the social and political structure of the community. In egalitarian societies that are organized into small political units and that are composed of individuals generally involved in the same activities such as hunting, herding, or farming, a musician has no special status. Still, particularly talented instrumentalists or persons who are adept at leading vocal ensembles will become known for their abilities and will be allied upon to perform at all musical occasions. In those societies in which a high degree of political organization exists, in which royal courts once flourished, and in which craft specialization has developed, the role of the musician is more clearly defined and distinct. For example, in the West African the 10th to 20th centuries, and musicianship and such related skills as oratory, historical narrative, genealogy, and stylized praise developed into a hereditary profession. * African Vocal Music African vocal music is wide ranging in its style and use of conventions but generally, African languages are tone languages. This means that the way the words are said can be related to pitches (high or low). Therefore the melodies and rhythms of a song often come directly from the way they talk, as the pitches match the meaning of the words. Another important phrase (other than tone language) is statistician which is the traditional vocal music of the Zulus in South Africa Another word that you need to learn is These are effects made by the voice that sound like eh, ah, Oh * African Musical Instrument Performing music and making African musical instruments is an integral part of most immunities and it varies not only from country to country but from village to village. Asana umbra, Congo There are common features though and much like the other forms of African art, most traditional African music is more than Just aesthetic expression. It permeates African life and has a function, a role to play in society; songs are used for religious ceremonies and rituals, to teach and give guidance, to tell stories, to mark the stages of life and death and to provide political guidance or express discontent. It also serves to entertain and is used in ceremonial festivals and masquerades to work up revere from the spectators and participants alike. Singing, dancing and playing African musical instruments ensure a dynamic event transpires. Fulfill flute The impact of the music is tantamount, the beauty of it, Just like African sculpture, is secondary to the primary function. Performances may be long and often involve the participation of the audience. Much of it is associated with a particular dance. There are some African musical instruments that cross boundaries and are found in varying shapes in the different countries but still have the same basic form. Some instruments have changed very little in 800 years since they were first recorded. Africans have strong beliefs about the status associated with particular instruments and with the spirit of an instrument. The carver of the instrument, especially true with drums, is held in high regard. Anthropomorphic harp The following are some of the African musical instruments used throughout the continent, primarily Sub-Sahara Embarrassments (Drums): cylindrical, semi-cylindrical, barrel, hourglass, pressure, goblet, kettle, clay-pot December, West Africa harps (okras), musical bows, fiddles, lyres, zithers, lutes Earphones (Wind instruments): flutes: bamboo, millet, reed, animal horn tips, gourds trumpets: wood, gourd, metal tubes pipes; single, double reed, panpipes horns: tusks and animal horns 0 Dopiness (Resonant solids): umbra, xylophone and lampooned rattles and shakers: gourds, woven, wooden, stick bells: ankle, cluster, double, single, pod, tubular, clappers 0 Percussion: rainstorms, Woodstock, slapstick bells, rattles, slit gongs, struck gourds and calypsos, stamping tubes body: foot stamping and hand clapping African musical instruments also serve as works of art, carved into surprising shapes, overfed with patterns and decorated with beads, feathers, paint or cloth. Figures are sculpted into the instrument as spiritual tokens empowering the musician to filter the godly or ancestral messages. Smartphone Security EssayIn trying to apply the framework of the above studies to my own reception analysis study, I have found that concerns such as sexism, ageism, and standard of beauty all figure in deeply with my respondents. My project consists of working womens perceptions of the way women are portrayed on the TV show Ally McBeal. All of the respondents mentioned something about the sexy, young, pretty, skinny stars of the show. According to these women, if you dont fall into all of the above categories, youre not a good person. Only people who fall into the above categories are presented on TV and film, and when people outside of the norm are presented, it is for comedy or sympathy. Hardly ever is there an old, fat woman as the heroine. There is some exception such as Cameron Manheim on The Practice, but by and large it is a models world. The standard of beauty today is a very scary thing. It is encouraging young girls to starve themselves, exercise themselves to death or t hrow-up after every meal. If you dont look like what society dictates youre headed straight for nowhere. I think sexism also figures deeply in the way women look at TV because all of the respondents pointed to the fact that women are regarded as sex objects on Ally McBeal. None of them enjoyed seeing the women portrayed this way, but they did say it seemed realistic. I think this alone tells us a lot about where our society is and the problems people face everyday. Adding this framework to the scope of my study could lead to some very interesting conclusions. In analyzing Bobo, and Innis and Feagins studies of how black people respond to their representations on television and in movies, we can see that there is a lot more ground to be covered in the areas of equality and political correctness when it comes to media. We can see, however that people are not just sitting blindly in front of the TV or movie screen accepting what they see as truth but are really thinking and analyzing the images presented to them. This shows that people can be good media consumers and can make choices about what is and is not good media. I dont think TV or movies will ever be a rainbow colored nation that represents us all but a lot more could be done to make it fairer. Hopefully one-day people will be able to get some satisfaction out of seeing representations of them on television and in film. Cinema and Television